Moth populations changed from mostly light colored to mostly dark colored in the 1800s. this relates to answers

The correct answer to this is:

“Microevolution”

Microevolution is an evolutionary change that occurs to small group of species within a short span of time. The cause of this occurrences are most commonly an external factor. For the case of moth, the soot produced by the Industrial Revolution in the 1800s resulted in trees to darken and other places in England where moths liked to perch. Because of this, light colored moths were more easily identified by predators against a dark background. Dark colored moths had a larger survival advantage since they could blend in against a similarly dark background. Natural selection or microevolution favoured the darker moths, therefore their proportion within the moth population increased.

an organism's phenotype is the  form of a trait  that it  displays. for  flowercolor, a pea  plant  can  display  a phenotype of purple or white flowers. an organism's  genotype  is the alleles of a gene it contains. based on his data, mendel concluded that a phenotype can be  determined  by more than one  genotype.