Which of the following is not caused by human interactions with the earth system
a: air pollution
b: water pollution
c: mountain building
d: deforestation

C. mountain building

Air pollution, water pollution and deforestation are caused by human interaction with the earth system. Air, water and forests are abiotic (non-living)  factors of the environment on which human population is dependent upon. Release of pollutants in the air and water due to human activities causes pollution. Forests are removed in order to derive resources like wood, medicines and for urban development hence, causes deforestation. Mountain building is a nature induced process and is not caused by human interactions with the earth system. Mountain formation is a geological process, which is caused by large scale movement of the earth's crust. Mountains are formed by folding and faulting of the earth's crust and due to volcanic activity.    

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