How dna polymerase, the double helix structure of dna, and the base-pairing rules work together to produce two identical copies fo the original dna molecule

The identical copies of DNA are produced through a process called DNA replication which takes place through S phase of the cell cycle. DNA replication is an enzyme-mediated process like DNA helicase, primase, polymerase which also uses ATP.

Double helical structure: both the strands of DNA acts as a template for the synthesis of new strands where one acts as a leading strand(3'→ 5') and one acts as lagging strand (5'→3').

DNA polymerase: Binds to the unwinded DNA after the action of helicase and adds nucleotides to the growing DNA chain using ATP. It also exhibits a proofreading mechanism.

Base-pair rule: Given by Chargaff, stated that adenine binds to thymine and guanine binds to cytosine in the complementary strand.

nucleic acid molecules are incredibly complex, containing the code that guarantees the four different nucleotide units comprise dna, the nucleic acid of interest to the genealogist. and one of four nitrogen-containing molecules called nucleotides

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