Which statement below BEST states a similarity between all cancers regardless of whether they develop from genetic factors, environmental factors, or random chance mutations? Group of answer choices All cancers introduce viruses that invade healthy cells and take over the structures that copy genetic information. All cancers lead to genetic mutations that stop DNA replication and the process of cell division. All cancers lead to genetic mutations that affect the proteins that control cell growth. All cancers introduce cancer cells as harmful microorganisms that eat the proteins that control the cell cycle

Freckles are a dominant trait in humans. both of the girls have the genotype ff for freckles. if either one marries a man with no freckles, what are the chances that their children will have freckles?

The kidney filters potentially toxic substances in the blood, and thus “clears” the blood of those substances. this clearance function is dependent upon and proportional to the diffusion gradient of the substance across filtering capillaries, i.e. if the concentration of the substance is doubled, twice as much will be cleared from each ml of blood that is filtered. suppose that the body produces a constant amount of a substance x per unit of time. the kidneys eliminate substance x at a rate directly proportional to the concentration of the substance and the volume of blood cleared each minute (c): elimination = c × [x], where [x] is the steady-state concentration of substance x. imagine an individual with an initial concentration of x equal to [x]0 who develops kidney disease. her baseline clearance c0 drops to one half of the original (½c0). what is the new steady state concentration of x? (for simplicity, assume that substance x is 100% filtered by the kidney).

Many organizations release indexes used to measure the development of the world's countries. as we learned in this lesson, these indexes measure many factors, from life expectancy to happiness. in your opinion, what are the three most important factors we can use to determine how developed a country might be? explain your answers in a few sentences.