fight harmful or poisonous substances including alcohol and formal dehydrate. Occasionally, the immune system loses its ability to distinguish friend from foe, that is to tolerate self antigens, while still recognizing and attacking foreign antigens. This puzzling phenomenon is called .

this protocol provides a detailed procedure for co-immunoprecipitation (co-ip) to identify protein–protein interactions.

water is a polar molecule. a chemical bond is a force of attraction between atoms or ions. bonds form when atoms share or transfer valence electrons. atoms form chemical bonds to achieve a full outer energy level, which is the most stable arrangement of electrons. so, false

explanation:

in h2o molecule, two water molecules are bonded by a hydrogen bond but the bond between two h - o bonds within a water molecule are covalent. the greater the electronegativity difference, the more ionic the bond is. bonds that are partly ionic are called polar covalent bonds. nonpolar covalent bonds, with equal sharing of the bond electrons, arise when the electronegativities of the two atoms are equal.

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