Please help me answer this question

Which of the following scenarios is an example of the bottleneck effect? answers a in south africa, much of the afrikaner population is descended from a small number of dutch colonists. in this population, this is an unusually high frequency of pseudoxanthoma elasticum (pxe), an elastic tissue disorder. b four white-tailed deer are introduced to a park in finland. thirty years after their introduction scientists compare the genes in the population and find that there is no variation. c during the industrial revolution, london's air became filled with soot. as a result, birds started eating more of the lighter moths because they were easier to spot than their darker counterparts. over time, the moth population changed so that there were more darker moths than lighter ones. d 10% of the population of american alligators in an area have the recessive trait albinism. a massive flood results in the death of 80% of the population. of the remaining population, 60% have the recessive trait of albinism.

[34 points awarded to the best answer, use facts and/or data] 1.) what's the likelihood of thunderstorms occurring in the state of maryland? {this question is for a project for science, use facts and/or data and explain why . 34 points to the best answer]

The table below shows the elements that mainly comprise each of the four layers of earth: elements in layers layer main elements crust oxygen, silicon mantle iron, magnesium outer core iron, nickel inner core iron which of these elements make up the layer that is 0.2 to 1.1 percent of earth's total diameter?