16. What term collectively describes the following substances: thickeners, colourings, flavourings and
dyes?

With the description of the different cell walls, membranes, and associated proteins set in the students' minds, you now need to introduce them to the idea that the cell wall can also act as a foundation to build things upon. bacterial appendages require a strong foundation that will offer the support needed to move and function in a dynamic world. for example, flagella are long, whiplike protein structures that are used by many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria for locomotion. in order to function effectively, a flagellum must be firmly anchored to the cell wall. how will you be able to get across the idea that the peptidoglycan cell wall is strong enough to support such a mechanism? with a protein rod that passes through the cell wall and protein rings used to anchor it in the membranes, these basal bodies are the rudimentary biological motors that use atp power to spin the hook and the flagella attached to it. bacterial flagella have a biological motor that spins within the cell wall and is powered by atp. this allows the flagella to spin in a whiplike motion to propel the bacterium.

Which excerpt from the land, part 4 best supports the claim that paul is a talented horseback rider? a/“figure that says more than anything else! now, i want to ride that stallion! " b/my daddy shook his head. "paul only rides horses he knows. ” c/? i glanced over at the other rider. the fellow was older than i, and had the weight of a man on him. d/a man out of alabama, man name of ray sutcliffe, told my daddy i was such a good rider, he wanted me to ride some races for him.

In pea plants, the allele for inflated pod seed, i, is dominant over the allele for constricted pod seed, i. the punnett square shows a cross for this trait. which offspring will be homozygous dominant