An integrating center Group of answer choices

evaluates an incoming signal and compares it with the setpoint.

is the minimum stimulus that must be achieved to set the reflex response in motion.

is the disturbance or change that sets the pathway in motion.

is the intracellular pathway that controls signal amplification.

is an electrical and/or chemical signal that travels to the effector.
be

Alichen is an organism that structurally appears to be a single organism. but a lichen is actually two different organisms—a fungus and green algae—living together as one organism. the fungal partner derives its nutrition from the photosynthesizing algae. how does a lichen differ in its photosynthetic activity from elysia chlorotica, the sea slug that’s considered to be a photosynthesizing animal? a. in lichens, the fungi photosynthesize on their own, while elysia chlorotica forms a relationship with a photosynthesizing plant. b. in lichens, the relationship with the algae lasts throughout the life cycle, but in elysia chlorotica, the relationship occurs only during the immature juvenile stage of the slug’s life cycle. c. lichens can photosynthesize only because of the living algal partner, while elysia chlorotica incorporates chloroplasts from algae into its cells. d. in lichens, the association between the fungi and algae is permanent, while elysia chlorotica associates with a photosynthesizing organism only when it requires food.

What is the difference between the conducting zone and the respiratory zone of the respiratory system? the conducting zone is a series of cavities and tubes that move air to the respiratory zone where gases exchange with the bloodstream. the conducting zone exchanges gases between the lungs and the alveoli and the respiratory zone is a series of cavities and tubes that move air to the conducting zone. the conducting zone moves oxygen into the cells and the respiratory zone takes carbon dioxide away from the cells. the conducting zone moves oxygen into the bloodstream and the respiratory zone takes carbon dioxide away from the bloodstream.

Explain how sequences of amino acids in proteins can be used to reveal relationships among organisms.