How does the symbiotic relationship between the fungi and algae (or cyanobacteria) in lichen make it an ideal pioneer species when no soil remains in an ecosystem?

Hershey and chase confirmed that dna, not protein, was the genetic material. how do the results of their two experiments support this conclusion?

The small molecule cyclic amp (camp) takes about 0.2 second to diffuse 10 μm, on average, in a cell. suppose that camp is produced near the plasma membrane on one end of the cell; how long will it take for this camp to diffuse through the cytosol and reach the opposite end of a very large cell, on average? assume that the cell is 200 μm in diameter.

What does the formula below represent? co2 + h20 → c6h1206 +02 a: photosynthesis b: ionization of glucose c: hydrolysis of carbohydrates d: dehydration