Many animals exhale carbon dioxide, CO2, as a waste product, but plans need CO2 to
live.

All animals exhale carbon dioxide i.e. co2 but plants need co2 to live because co2 helps in the process of photosynthesis to produce carbohydrate and oxygen.

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2.

the index of refraction of the second medium is higher. i just took the test trust me !

emerging idea only occurs as a raw idea that could appear out of nowhere. meanwhile, to reach scientific consensus , that idea must be structured and tested over and over again through various experiments. the scientific consensus transforms the raw idea into idea that is more reliable through the process of scientific elimination.