How many chromosomes do each sex cell have

How would you describe the the organisms in the second row of model 1 that are connected to the parents by a line

Ivan is looking at a cross section of a stem taken from a vascular plant. he sees two different types of vascular tissue: the xylem, which is closer to the center of the stem, and the phloem, located around the xylem, closer to the outside of the stem. how do these two structures work together in a living plant?

Are gametes exactly the same? explain why or why not?