n a simple food chain, wolves eat deer and deer eat shrubs. A pack of wolves has a total biomass of 1,000 kilograms. Approximately what biomass of shrubs must have been eaten by deer to support that wolf pack, assuming that only shrubs, deer, and wolves exist in the food chain

100000 kg of biomass of shrubs must be eaten by deer.

Explanation:

According to the Lindeman 10% law :

When energy is transferred from one tropic level to another successive tropic level, only 10% of the energy gets transferred while the remaining is lost in the environment.

We are given:

Biomass of the pack of wolves = 1000 kg

This means that 10% of the biomass of deer is 1000 kg

Biomass of deer will be:

Now, this biomass of deer is 10% of shrubs' biomass.

This means that 10% of the biomass of shrubs is 10000 kg

Biomass of shrubs will be:

Hence, 100000 kg of biomass of shrubs must be eaten by deer.

an individual’s sex (i.e., whether they are a male or female) is determined by the sex chromosomes. most people have two sex chromosomes, one that is inherited from their mother and one that is inherited from their father. typically, females have two x chromosomes (xx) and males have one x chromosome and one y chromosome (xy). conditions caused by changes (“mutations”) in genes located on the x chromosome are considered x-linked.

x-linked recessive inheritance

most x-linked conditions are recessive. this means that in a person with two x chromosomes (most females), both copies of a gene (i.e., one on each x chromosome) must have a change or mutation whereas in a person with one x chromosome (most males), only one copy of a gene must have a mutation. a female with a mutation in one copy of a gene on the x chromosome is said to be a “carrier” for an x-linked condition. a male with a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome is typically affected with the condition. because females have two copies of the x chromosome and males have only one x chromosome, x-linked recessive diseases are more common among males than females. however, x-linked recessive diseases can occur in both males and females.

for x-linked recessive disorders, an unaffected carrier mother who has a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome can transmit either the x chromosome with this mutation or a “normal” x chromosome to her children. if the father is unaffected, none of her daughters will be affected and all of her daughters will be unaffected—since they will inherit at least one normal x chromosome from their father. however, each daughter will have a 50% chance of being an unaffected carrier like her mother and a 50% chance of both x chromosomes being normal.

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