Which of the following is not a characteristic of pioneer species ? They facilitate environmental change, making an environment more habitable for other species
They remain in an environment, even as more competitive species arrive
They tolerate a wide range of conditions
They are capable of colonizing a barren environment

They remain in an environment,even as more competitive species arrive

Explanation:

Pioneer species, in ecological succession, are the first set of organisms to colonize a bare area of land or a disturbed area of land. Pioneer species include lichens, grasses, fungi etc.

Pioneer species have unique characteristics that distinguishes them from every other species of organism. These include:

- They facilitate environmental change, making an environment more habitable for other species.

- They tolerate a wide range of environmental conditions.

- They are capable of colonizing a barren environment, as in primary succession.

However, pioneer species do not remain in an environment, even as more competitive species arrive. They rather give way for new species to emerge and dominate.

the supermassive black hole is in the middle of the galaxy.

answer; both surfaces of the membrane are nonpermeable