Quizlet: Aspirin is known to cause stomach ulcers when taken too often owing to its inhibition of COX-1, which is constitutively expressed, and the prostaglandin product signals for localized cellular housekeeping, not pain and swelling. In contrast, COX-2 is induced (produced) when, for example, you get cut or punched in the face; then its prostaglandin product signals pain and swelling. Identify the shape-based structural features and electostatics-based structural features that would lead to a selective COX-2 inhibitor to avoid the side effects of aspirin. Don't forget to consider the intracellular location of these peripheral membrane-bound enzymes.

Solution :

Aspirin is used to reduce fever and also relief the mild pain from the body by the conditions including toothache, headaches, muscle pains, and minor body pains.

It is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug and also a blood thinners.

Shape-based structural features

--  The inhibitor should be L or V shaped to selectively bind to COX -2.

Electrostatics based structural features

The inhibitor should include a carboxylic acid to target Arg 120

Incompatible structural feature

it provides an alternative energy pathway for the reaction to proceed.

a catalyst is a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction but is not consumed during the course of the reaction.

catalysts increase the rate of reaction without being used up. they do this by lowering the activation energy needed. with a catalyst, more collisions result in a reaction, so the rate of reaction increases. different reactions need different catalysts.

a catalyst works by providing an alternative reaction pathway to the reaction product. the rate of the reaction is increased as this alternative route has a lower activation energy than the reaction route not mediated by the catalyst.