Humans are know to have 46 chromosomes in each somatic cell. The domesticated cat, on the other hand, has 38 chromosomes in somatic cells. Given this predict the number of chromosomes found in the following cat cells: Sperm cell:
Egg cell:
Daughter cell from mitosis:
Daughter cell from meiosis 1:
Daughter cell from meiosis 2:

Sperm cell: 19 chromosomes

Egg cell: 19 chromosomes

Daughter cell from mitosis: 38 chromosomes

Daughter cell from meiosis 1: 19 chromosomes

Daughter cell from meiosis 2: 19 chromosomes

Explanation:

There are two major divisions that occur in living organisms namely: meiosis and mitosis. Meiosis is called a reduction division because it reduces the chromosomal number of offsprings by half while mitosis is called multiplication division because it maintains the same number of chromosome in the parent cell.

According to this question, a cat has 38 chromosomes in its somatic/body cells. It will possess the following chromosome numbers after the type of division:

- Sperm cell: 19 chromosomes because sperm are gametes formed via meiotic division, hence, 38 chromosomes are reduced by half i.e. 38/2 = 19.

- Egg cell: 19 chromosomes because egg cells are gametes formed via meiotic division, hence, 38 chromosomes are reduced by half i.e. 38/2 = 19.

Daughter cell from mitosis: 38 chromosomes because mitosis maintains the number of chromosomes as parent.

Daughter cell from meiosis 1: 19 chromosomes because the actual reduction from diploid (38 chromosomes) to haploid (19 chromosomes) takes place in meiosis 1 due to separation of homologous chromosomes.

Daughter cell from meiosis 2: 19 chromosomes because sister chromatids, which becomes individual chromosomes, are separated at this stage.

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