In the alveolar walls break down, adjacent alveoli fuse, and the lungs lose their elasticity.

In Emphysema, one form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), alveolar walls breakdown, alveoli fuse creating more open spaces, and the lungs lose their elasticity. The result is "trapped air" which becomes difficult to expel upon expiration, thus an expiratory condition.

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