He atmospheric cooling that occurs where and when aerosol pollution is the greatest is an example of: negative feedback

The statement above is TRUE.
The atmospheric cooling that occur where and when aerosol pollution is the greatest  is called aerosol effect. Aerosol effect is an example of negative feed back mechanism. A mechanism is described as negative if it reduces variation in either direction. Examples of aerosol are salt crystals and pollen from windblown seawater and soot and sulfates from coal burning. Aerosols can have strong effects on both heating and cooling of the atmosphere. For instance, accumulation of soot in the atmosphere can cause heating. Some aerosols block out the heat of the sun thus causing cooling.

1.989×10^30 kg is the weight of the sun.