Why is water considered to be abiotic?

Water is considered an abiotic factor in the ecosystem because it is a non-living part of the ecosystem. Although water is abiotic, it has great impacts on both living and non-living things. Water is very important to al living things and no living organism can survive without it. Other abiotic factors in the ecosystem are soil, rocks, sunlight, oxygen, etc.

answer: - b cells

explanation: -

there are many types of white blood cells present in our body. one such class of white blood cells are the lymphocytes. the b cells belong to the lymphocyte class of wbcs. the b cells perform their action against the pathogen by producing specialised proteins called as antibodies. these antibodies are produced as and when the b cells encounter pathogens in response to the antigens present on the surface of the pathogen. these antibodies bind to the antigens present on the pathogen and then, target them for destruction by other cells of the immune system.

so, the b cells mediate their action by identifying the antigens present on the surface of the pathogens and then producing antibodies in return to mediate its effect.