Genes are segments of dna that determine the phenotype of an individual. pea colors can be yellow or green. when two plants that produce yellow peas were crossed, the offspring produced green peas. this is because the parents were a)heterozygous b)homozygous dominant c)homozygous recessive for pea color. because there are only two options for pea color, the plants’ pea color is a case a)polygenetic traits b)semiconservative replication c)simple mendelian genetics

The answer to question 1 is A.

The answer to question 2 is C.

The correct answer for the blanks are-

1) a) heterozygous

2) c) simple Mendelian genetics

Explanation-

1) As per the information given in the question, the two plants with yellow pea are crossed and produced offspring with green peas. This indicates that yellow pea color is a dominant trait and the parent plants have heterozygous dominant genotype ( Yy).

A dominant trait ( represented by capital letter allele such as 'Y' for yellow peas) always masks the expression of recessive trait ( which is represented by small letter allele such as 'y' for green peas).

Yellow pea can have two genotypes, which are 'YY' (homozygous dominant and 'Yy' (heterozygous dominant) whereas green peas will be expressed in single genotype, which is 'yy' ( homozygous recessive).

Two yellow peas can produce green peas only when they possess heterozygous genotype (Yy) that is with two different alleles.

Thus, option a) is right for first question.

Refer punnet square.

2) According to simple Mendelian genetics, a trait is governed by single gene that exist in two different forms ( dominant and recessive allele).

It expresses only two forms for a trait ( such as tall and dwarf height of pea plant) and there is no range/ variation of phenotype in between ( unlike polygenic trait that is depicted by many genes and show range of variations in the phenotype such as skin color).

Thus, option c) is the right answer for the second question.

4.) metal

"-the movement of carbon from the nonliving environment into living things and back to the environment

-carbon is the essential component of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates (which make up all organisms)

-carbon exists in air, water, and living organisms

-producers convert carbon dioxide in the atmosphere into carbohydrates during photosynthesis

-bacteria in the atmosphere cycles through the system in filtration units

-in cellular respiration, carbon is released back into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide

-some carbon is stored in limestone (forming one of the largest "carbon sinks" on earth)

-largest carbon reservoir on earth= limestone

-carbon stored in the bodies of organisms as fat, oils, or other molecules may be released into the soil or air when the organism dies

-this may form deposits of coal, oil, or natural gas (fossil fuels, which increased the atmospheric carbon dioxide)

-fossil fuels store carbon left over from bodies of organisms that died millions of years ago

-they are located in the surface of earth, deep within the earth and beneath the ocean floor."