The reason phytoplankton have to live in shallow ocean water is because they cannot withstand the colder temperatures of deep water. they are an important food source to surface-dwelling marine organisms. they require sunlight to carry out photosynthesis. they feed on tiny organisms living at the surface.

"griffith's experiment discovering the "transforming principle" in pneumococcus bacteria. griffith's experiment, reported in 1928 by frederick griffith, was the first experiment suggesting that bacteria are capable of transferring genetic information through a process known as transformation." - griffith's experiment.

surface mining destroys mountain tops, landscapes, forests and wildlife habitats. on top of that, it leads to soil erosion and destruction of agricultural land. the landscape changes can also disrupt river channels and streams, which leads to flooding. which, can destroy plant life and other animals as well.

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