The bulk of the energy required by the eukaryotic cell is generated by the mitochondria. the mitochondrion consists of cristae that form a smooth, continuous outer membrane surrounding the entire organelle. form a complex fluid called a matrix outside the organelle. are elaborate folds of the inner membrane which hold the enzymes and electron carriers of aerobic respiration. are circular strands of dna involved in producing the enzymes needed for anaerobic respiration.

carbohydrates: (starches and sugars) composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

lipids: (fats, oils, and waxes) are made of carbon and hydrogen atoms.

nucleic acids: contain hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus. they are polymers of nucleotides. a nucleotide has three parts, a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate     (-po⬇️4) group, and a nitrogenous base.

proteins: made up of nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. they are polymers of amino acids.

the "dirty dozen" chemicals banned in an international treaty are formally known as persistent organic pollutants, or pops. the united nations environment program provided this background on what they are and what they can do to humans and wildlife.

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