In chickens, a flat single comb is a recessive trait, while the short, thick rose comb is dominant. in a particular population of chickens, 45 are homozygous for the dominant trait, 30 are heterozygous dominant, and 25 have the recessive trait. which expression is the correct way to calculate the frequency of the recessive allele?

The correct answer would be 0.5

The same can be explained with the help of Hardy-Weinberg equation

p² + q² + 2pq = 1

p + q = 1 Where,

Total number of individuals = 45 + 30+ 25 = 100

So, the frequency of recessive trait = 25/100 =0.25.

Thus, the value of q² = 0.25

So, q would be equal to square root of 0.25 which comes out to be 0.5

both anaerobic and aerobic respiration use glucose (or other carbohydrates), proteins and lipids to produce atp and nadh. cell uses those energy molecules, obtained from food and   breaks them down during the chemical reactions of respiration. in anaerobic respiration, nadh is regenerated to nad+ by enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (lactate is produced, e.g. in muscle cells) or by alcohol dehydrogenase where ethanol is produced (alcohol fermentation), while in aerobic respiration, electrons from nadh are deposited in the mitochondria to regenerate nad+ (electron transport chain. anaerobic respiration produces 2 atp per molecule of glucose compared to aerobic respiration where about 38 atp molecules are produced.