How did the earliest organisms on earth most likely produce atp?

Study this image. which statements best describe the rock shown? check all that apply. the grains of this rock are jagged. this rock has several coarse grains. the grains in this rock are very large. this rock has a non-banded pattern. the color of this rock is determined by its texture.

In german cockroaches, curved wing (cv) is recessive to normal wing (cv+). bill, who is raising cockroaches in his dorm room, finds that the frequency of the gene for curved wings in his cockroach population is 0.6. in his friend joe’s apartment, the frequency of the gene for curved wings is 0.2. one day joe visits bill in his dorm room, and several cockroaches jump out of joe’s hair and join the population in bill’s room. bill estimates that, now, 10% of the cockroaches in his dorm room are individual roaches that jumped out of joe’s hair. what is the new frequency of curved wings among cockroaches in bill’s room? 0.69 0.4 0.5 0.31 0.20

In which situations is the principle of cross-cutting relationship useful in determining relative age?