Scientific are logical conclusions that are drawn from scientific observations.

Interference

Explanation:

An inference refers to the deduction of a reasonable conclusion from an experiment. An inference is drawn based on a logical hypothesis  

Let’s take an example – The following two cases represent the hypothesis  

Case 1 – Water enhances the growth of pea plant

Case 2 - Water do not enhances the growth of pea plant

Experiment – Two  pea plant is allowed to grow as follows –

a)One with normal water  application  

b)The other one with increased water quantity

Rest all factors like sunlight, air etc are kept constant.  

In such scenario, if it is observed that pea plants receiving higher water quantity will attain more height as compared to the one  receiving normal water quantity, then it can be inferred that "height of pea plant increases with the increase of water "

Such an inference is called “inference based on observation”

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