Compare and contrast the differences in structure and function between the cecum and large intestine in dogs and horses

Cecum refers to a large tube-like composition situated in the abdominal cavity lower part. The prime activity of this is to get the undigested food from the small intestine, and it comprises certain bacteria that take part in the digestion of plant components. On the basis of the type of the animal, the number and size of the cecum may change.  

The cecum in dogs is situated in the caudal part of the abdominal right side and is small in size. While in case of horse, cecum is a big muscular sac-like composition, which is present at the junction of the large and small intestine.  

The large intestine is smaller in length in comparison to the small intestine in case of a dog. Both cecum and large intestine take part in the process of absorption. This signifies that in case of herbivores, the cecum performs an essential function and it will be large in size in comparison to non-herbivores.  

many other transport proteins, often called pumps, move materials against a concentration gradient. active transport drives molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. this process, shown in figure 5.1, uses transport proteins powered by chemi- cal energy.

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