Apopulation of bacteria is treated with hand sanitizer. because of genetic variation in the population, what is the possible outcome? a. all of the bacteria are already resistant b. they will get better at obtaining a food source c. the population will grow quickly d. some of the bacteria may be resistant and survive.

Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu. in an experiment, dr. travis examined the effects of calcium intake on osteoporosis, a condition that causes an increased risk of bone fractures. the amount of calcium is variable. the risk of bone fractures .

The kidney filters potentially toxic substances in the blood, and thus “clears” the blood of those substances. this clearance function is dependent upon and proportional to the diffusion gradient of the substance across filtering capillaries, i.e. if the concentration of the substance is doubled, twice as much will be cleared from each ml of blood that is filtered. suppose that the body produces a constant amount of a substance x per unit of time. the kidneys eliminate substance x at a rate directly proportional to the concentration of the substance and the volume of blood cleared each minute (c): elimination = c × [x], where [x] is the steady-state concentration of substance x. imagine an individual with an initial concentration of x equal to [x]0 who develops kidney disease. her baseline clearance c0 drops to one half of the original (½c0). what is the new steady state concentration of x? (for simplicity, assume that substance x is 100% filtered by the kidney).

To determine if a particular plant is homozygous or heterozygous, you would have to test cross with a