Under fixed exchange rates, the money supply a. is automatically adjusted to keep demand for money at a fixed level. b. must be constant. c. is not a policy tool of the central bank. d. is controlled by the central bank.

Suppose that two countries, britain and the u.s. produce just one good - beef. suppose that the price of beef in the u.s. is $2.80 per pound, and in britain it is £3.70 per pound. according to ppp theory, what should the $/£ spot exchange rate be? suppose the price of beef is expected to rise to $3.10 in the u.s. and to £4.65 in britain. what should be the one year forward $/£ exchange rate?