Define cost object and give three examples.
a. a cost object is anything for which a separate measurement of costs is desired. examples include a product, a service, and a customer.
b. a cost object is a cost incurred (historical or past cost), as distinguished from a budgeted cost, which is a predicted or forecasted cost (a future cost). examples include materials, labor, and overhead.
c. a cost object is the collection of cost data in some organized way by means of an accounting system. examples include accumulated costs, overhead, and direct labor.
d. a cost object is a resource sacrificed or forgone to achieve a specific objective. examples include direct materials, direct labor, and advertising.

A, A cost object is anything for which a separate measurement of costs is desired. Examples include a product, a service, and a customer.

Explanation:

A cost object is any item for which costs are being separately measured.

It is a key concept used in managing the costs of a business.

Types of cost object:

-output. the most common cost objects are a company´s products and services, since it wants to know the cost of its output for profitability analysis and price settings.

-operational. A cost object can be within a company, such as a department, machining operator, product line, or process. For example, you could track the cost of designing a new product, or a costumer sevice call, or of reworking a returned product.

-business relationship. A cost object can be outside of a company, there may be a need to accumulate costs for a supplier or a customer, to determine the cost of dealing with that entity. Another variation on the concept is the cost of renewing a license with a goverment agency.

ans.

heterothermic organisms include those organisms that can switch between homeothermic (having body temperature higher than environment) and poikilothermic (having variation in internal body temperature) strategies.

some migratory birds show heterothermy as they decrease their metabolic rate during cold nights to keep their body temperature low. drop in metabolic rate allows increase in production efficiency of birds that reduces the internal body temperature to make it equal to external cold temperature during cold nights.

thus, the correct answer is 'birds allow their temperature drop in order to increase their production efficiency.'

urban company reports the following information regarding its production cost: units produced 37,000 units direct labor $ 30 per unit direct materials $ 35 per unit variable overhead $ 237,000 in total fixed overhead $ 127,000 in total