In the free market system, consumer sovereignty occurs for which of the following reasons?
i. consumers, through their dollar votes, determine how resources are distributed and what goods and services are produced to meet their wants
ii. consumers are free to determine how they earn their income and spend their wages
iii. consumers must buy goods and services that business decides to provide.

Avx home entertainment, inc., recently began a “no-hassles” return policy. a sample of 500 customers who recently returned items showed 400 thought the policy was fair, 32 thought it took too long to complete the transaction, and the rest had no opinion. on the basis of this information, make an inference about customer reaction to the new policy. (round your answers to 1 decimal place.)

Suppose an economist believes that the price level in the economy is directly related to the money supply, or the amount of money circulating in the economy. the economist proposes the following relationship: p=a x m - p=price level - m=money supply - a=a composite of other factors, including real gdp, that change very slowly over time. how might an economist gather empirical data to test the proposed relationship between money and the price level? an economist would persuade the federal reserve to change the money supply to various levels, and observe the resulting changes in the price level. unlike researchers in the hard sciences, economists cannot study complex relationships using data. economists do not usually develop theoretical models of the economy but only analyze summary statistics about the current state of the economy. an economist would look for data on past changes in the money supply, and note the resulting changes in the price level

Gulliver travel agencies thinks interest rates in europe are low. the firm borrows euros at 5 percent for one year. during this time period the dollar falls 11 percent against the euro. what is the effective interest rate on the loan for one year? (consider the 11 percent fall in the value of the dollar as well as the interest payment.)