Avicorp has a $15.5 million debt issue outstanding, with a 6.3% coupon rate. the debt has semi-annual coupons, the next coupon is due in six months, and the debt matures in five years. it is currently priced at 92% of par value. a. what is avicorp's pre-tax cost of debt? note: compute the effective annual return. (another note: the pre-tax cost of debt is the yield to maturity (ytm) on the outstanding debt issue. we solve for the 6-month ytm on the bond: (this is what i have so not sure how they got $920 here: ) ** $920 = (31.50/(1+ytm)) + (31.50/(1+ytm)^2)) + (31.50/(1+ytm)^9)) + (31.50 + 1,000)/(1+ytm)^10) therefore, ytm = 4.1434% then compute the effective annual return (ear) as: ear = (1 + 0.041434)^2 -1 = 0.084585 the pre-tax cost of debt is 4.1434% every 6 months, or 8.4585% per year. b. if avicorp faces a 40% tax rate, what is its after-tax cost of debt? after-tax cost of debt = ear x (1-tc) where tc is avicorp's tax rate. then, after- tax cost of debt = 0.084585 x (1-0.4) = 0.050751 if avicorps faces a 40% tax rate, the after-tax cost of debt is 5.0751%.

1. revising for conciseness - eliminating flabby expressions,limiting long lead-ins, and dropping unnecessary fillerstime is money in any business environment. people want information communicated quickly and clearly. to make your writing more concise and understandable, avoid flabby expressions, long lead-ins, and unnecessary fillers. your audience will appreciate your brevity.1. if your writing contains a flabby expression like in view of the fact that, replace it with the word because / although / probably .for each of the following two sentences, choose the best revision.2. i am sending you this letter to inform you that we have experienced an unexpected surprise within our expense sheet, but we are positively certain we will solve it.1) we need to inform you that we have experienced an unexpected surprise with our expense sheet, but we are midway to an end result.2) we have identified a problem with our expense sheet, but we will solve it.3) i am sending you this letter to inform you that we have a problem with our expense sheet, but we are positively certain we have a solution.3. it is the user who should contact the center.1) everyone knows that it is the user who should contact the center.2) the user should contact the center.3) if there is a problem, the user should contact the center.read the following passage, and then answer the question.[1] you scheduled seven conference calls for this morning between 10 and 11 a.m. [2] generally, the company limits the number of conference calls to three per hour. [3] i’m letting you know that in the future, we should be more careful about scheduling.4. which revision limits the long lead-in in sentence 3? 1) in the future, we should be more careful about scheduling.2) i’m letting you know so that in the future we are more careful about scheduling calls.3) so that you know in the future, we should be more careful about scheduling.