At december 31, 2018, newman engineering’s liabilities include the following: $10 million of 9% bonds were issued for $10 million on may 31, 1999. the bonds mature on may 31, 2029, but bondholders have the option of calling (demanding payment on) the bonds on may 31, 2019. however, the option to call is not expected to be exercised, given prevailing market conditions. $14 million of 8% notes are due on may 31, 2022. a debt covenant requires newman to maintain current assets at least equal to 175% of its current liabilities. on december 31, 2018, newman is in violation of this covenant. newman obtained a waiver from national city bank until june 2019, having convinced the bank that the company’s normal 2 to 1 ratio of current assets to current liabilities will be reestablished during the first half of 2019. $7 million of 11% bonds were issued for $7 million on august 1, 1989. the bonds mature on july 31, 2019. sufficient cash is expected to be available to retire the bonds at maturity.

required: what portion of the debt can be excluded from classification as a current liability (that is, reported as a noncurrent liability)? explain.

1   all nations face the problem of scarcity because there are limited resources and unlimited wants. nations do not have enough factors of production to produce everything that their population wants. entrepreneurial resources initiate businesses to make new goods and services; labor resources produce goods and services.

2 there are four factors of production: natural resources, labor resources, capital resources, and entrepreneurial resources. natural resources are raw materials from nature that are used to produce goods. trees, water, and grains are natural resources. some natural resources, such as wheat and cattle, are renewable

3 wants

things that you do not need to have in order to survive, but would like to have

needs

things that you must have in order to survive

goods

physical products

services

tasks that a business perform for customers

resources

items that people can use to make or obtain what they need or want

determine

to settle or decide by choice of alternatives or possiblities

4 i really dont know

there's 11 people for the 1st position. then, no matter who gets it, there's only 10 left for the second, and then 9 left for the third. 11 x 10 x 9 = 990.   the answer is there are 990 different ways the positions can be filled by these applicants

the correct answer is b.)

answer; sensory adaptation;