Avertical fdi refers to a type of fdi in which
a. a firm duplicates its home country-based activities at the same value chain stage in a host country
b. a firm invests in a portfolio of foreign securities but without active management of those foreign assets
c. a firm produces the same products or services in a host nation as it does at home
d. a firm moves upstream or downstream at different value chain stages in a host country

Gibson's bodywork does automotive collision work. an insurance agency has determined that the standard time to replace a fender is 2.5 hours (i.e., "standard output" 0.4

The link between volume of production and the cost of building manufacturing operations is particularly important in industries characterized byanswers: process innovations.product manufacturing.product innovation.process manufacturing.

10. which of the following is true regarding preretirement inflation? a. defined-benefit plans provide more inflation protection than defined-contribution plans. b. because of preretirement inflation, possible investment-related growth is increased for defined-contribution plans. c. all types of benefits are designed to cope with preretirement inflation. d. preretirement inflation is generally reflected in the increase in an employee's compensation level over a working career.