Acompetitive advantage based on inimitability can be sustained for at least some time, if it has the following characteristics:
a. physical uniqueness, path dependency, causal ambiguity, and social complexity.
b. rarity, path dependency, causal ambiguity, and social substitutability.
c. geographic uniqueness, cause dependency, social ambiguity, and path complexity.
d. psychographic uniqueness, path dependency, causal ambiguity, and substitutability.

Pennewell publishing inc. (pp) is a zero growth company. it currently has zero debt and its earnings before interest and taxes (ebit) are $80,000. pp's current cost of equity is 10%, and its tax rate is 40%. the firm has 10,000 shares of common stock outstanding selling at a price per share of $48.00. refer to the data for pennewell publishing inc. (pp). pp is considering changing its capital structure to one with 30% debt and 70% equity, based on market values. the debt would have an interest rate of 8%. the new funds would be used to repurchase stock. it is estimated that the increase in risk resulting from the added leverage would cause the required rate of return on equity to rise to 12%. if this plan were carried out, what would be pp's new value of operations? a. $484,359 b. $521,173 c. $584,653 d. $560,748 e. $487,805

What is the advantage of developing criteria for assessing the effectiveness of business products and processes? a. assessment criteria are answers. b.assessment criteria are inexpensive. c.assessment criteria provide you with a list of relevant things to measure. d.assessment criteria provide you with a list of people to contact to learn more about process mentoring.

Explain whether each of the following events increases or decreases the money supply. a. the fed buys bonds in open-market operations. b. the fed reduces the reserve requirement. c. the fed increases the interest rate it pays on reserves. d. citibank repays a loan it had previously taken from the fed. e. after a rash of pickpocketing, people decide to hold less currency. f. fearful of bank runs, bankers decide to hold more excess reserves. g. the fomc increases its target for the federal funds rate.