When externalities exist, buyers and sellers
a. neglect the external effects of their actions, but the market equilibrium is still efficient.
b. do not neglect the external effects of their actions, and the market equilibrium is efficient.
c. neglect the external effects of their actions, and the market equilibrium is not efficient.
d. do not neglect the external effects of their actions, and the market equilibrium is not efficient.

Congressman patrick indicates that he is opposed to tax proposals that call for a flat tax rate because the structure would not tax those individuals who have the ability to pay the tax. discuss the position of the congressman, giving consideration to tax rate structures (e.g., progressive, proportional, and regressive) and the concept of equity.

Milden company has an exclusive franchise to purchase a product from the manufacturer and distribute it on the retail level. as an aid in planning, the company has decided to start using a contribution format income statement. to have data to prepare such a statement, the company has analyzed its expenses and has developed the following cost formulas: cost cost formula cost of good sold $35 per unit sold advertising expense $210,000 per quarter sales commissions 6% of sales shipping expense ? administrative salaries $145,000 per quarter insurance expense $9,000 per quarter depreciation expense $76,000 per quarter management has concluded that shipping expense is a mixed cost, containing both variable and fixed cost elements. units sold and the related shipping expense over the last eight quarters follow: quarter units sold shipping expense year 1: first 10,000 $ 119,000 second 16,000 $ 175,000 third 18,000 $ 190,000 fourth 15,000 $ 164,000 year 2: first 11,000 $ 130,000 second 17,000 $ 185,000 third 20,000 $ 210,000 fourth 13,000 $ 147,000 milden company’s president would like a cost formula derived for shipping expense so that a budgeted contribution format income statement can be prepared for the next quarter. required: 1. using the high-low method, estimate a cost formula for shipping expe

Scientists developed the first successful human cell culture in vitro (grown in a lab) in the 1950s by removing cancer cells from a woman. this concept has allowed modern scientists to successfully grow organs. which of the following answers  bestdetermines why there was success?   neurons send a signal to the cell to multiply.a large blood supply to the cell allows enough nutrients for growth.cells are the basic unit of life and thus can regenerate if in a controlled environment.cells cannot reproduce on their own, and the scientist manipulates them to grow.