Nantucket marine supply is a wholesaler for a large variety of boating and fishing equipment. the company’s controller, alan denney, has recently completed a cost study of the firm’s material-handling department. the activity measure (independent variable) used in the study was hundreds of pounds of equipment loaded or unloaded at the company’s loading dock. denney compiled the following data.

units of activity
month (hundreds of pounds of
equipment loaded or unloaded) material-handling
department costs
january 1,800 $ 11,700
february 1,600 11,300
march 1,300 11,250
april 1,000 10,200
may 2,200 11,100
june 2,400 12,550
july 2,000 12,000
august 1,800 11,400
september 2,600 12,120
october 1,100 11,050
november 1,200 11,350
december 1,400 11,350

required:
5.
estimate the material-handling department’s cost behavior using the high-low method. use an equation to express the results of this estimation method. (round coefficient of x to 2 decimal places.)

Afirm's before-tax cost of debt, rd, is the interest rate that the firm must pay on debt. because interest is tax deductible, the relevant cost of debt used to calculate a firm's wacc is the cost of debt, rd (1 – t). the cost of debt is used in calculating the wacc because we are interested in maximizing the value of the firm's stock, and the stock price depends on cash flows. it is important to emphasize that the cost of debt is the interest rate on debt, not debt because our primary concern with the cost of capital is its use in capital budgeting decisions. the rate at which the firm has borrowed in the past is because we need to know the cost of capital. for these reasons, the on outstanding debt (which reflects current market conditions) is a better measure of the cost of debt than the . the on the company's -term debt is generally used to calculate the cost of debt because more often than not, the capital is being raised to fund -term projects. quantitative problem: 5 years ago, barton industries issued 25-year noncallable, semiannual bonds with a $1,600 face value and a 8% coupon, semiannual payment ($64 payment every 6 months). the bonds currently sell for $845.87. if the firm's marginal tax rate is 40%, what is the firm's after-tax cost of debt? round your answer to 2 decimal places. do not round intermediate calcu

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