In the context of the contingency decision-making framework, refers to the agreement among managers about the nature of an issue or opportunity and about which goals and outcomes to pursue.

The correct answer is problem consensus.

Explanation:

The problem of consensus is a fundamental problem of distributed systems that consists in agreeing to multiple processes on something. It is the problem of finding out how a set of isolated computing processes that can only communicate with messages agree on something. Consensus is easy in the absence of failures but it becomes difficult in intricate scenarios of failure with the presence of imperfect channels, falls of participants, violation of synchronizations or even when some of them can conspire so that consensus does not occur (behavior malicious).

ans.

heterothermic organisms include those organisms that can switch between homeothermic (having body temperature higher than environment) and poikilothermic (having variation in internal body temperature) strategies.

some migratory birds show heterothermy as they decrease their metabolic rate during cold nights to keep their body temperature low. drop in metabolic rate allows increase in production efficiency of birds that reduces the internal body temperature to make it equal to external cold temperature during cold nights.

thus, the correct answer is 'birds allow their temperature drop in order to increase their production efficiency.'