Joshua, a manager, instructed his subordinate, leona, to mobilize their team and prepare a report on how the office could be made more environment-friendly. leona misunderstood joshua and explained to her team members that their manager wanted them to minimize the usage of office resources. in this context, why would it have been better for joshua to communicate to leona through an e-mail instead of instructing her orally? a. the sender can provide feedback immediately. b. the receiver can gauge the sender's sincerity better than when communicated orally. c. the receiver can control where and when a message is read. d. the message remains the same even if relayed through others

You want to paint your room yellow, so you get some samples at the paint store. when you hold the sample against your white wall, it looks different from the way it looks against the green curtain. a psychologist would attribute this to perceptual constancy. visual paradoxes. contrast effects. threshold differences.

When paul o’neill joined alcoa as ceo, he set a , that there would be zero workplace accidents. a lot of people in the organization thought this was impossible given how dangerous some aluminum-manufacturing jobs are, but alcoa’s safety record improved tremendously. as the board of governors of the american red cross considers planning, one option is to make strategic plans and then direct managers to align tactical and operational plans accordingly. another option is to have planning specialists managers across the organization make their own plans. why might this organization’s executives opt for the latter approach? check all that apply. (a) the environment is a dynamic one, and department and frontline managers can come up with more responsive plans than can central leadership. (b)resources will be better coordinated across the organization in support of the overall strategy.(c) senior leadership will have more control over the organization’s direction. (d)when managers come up with their own plans, they are likely to be more committed to following through on them.

For a firm that uses the weighted average method of process costing, which of the following must be true? (a) physical units can be greater than or less than equivalent units. (b) physical units must be equal to equivalent units. (c) equivalent units must be greater than or equal to physical units. (d) physical units must be greater than or equal to equivalent units.