What are the retained earnings merits and demerits
class 11

Following are the merits and demerits of retained earning.

Explanation:

Overall, retained earning has very few demerits compared to merits.

Merits: It helps to reduce the cost of external equity. It helps to eliminate the negative effects of under-pricing. It also helps to keep the same ownership structure.

Demerits: It is an improper way of utilising the remaining funds and it can be misused by the management.

a progressive tax is a tax that imposes a lower tax rate on low-income earners compared to those with a higher income, making it based on the taxpayer's ability to pay. that means it takes a bigger percentage from high income earners than it does from low income people.

answer; management is about coping complexity and leadership is about coping with change; i believe this is correct; ///good luck                                          

(b) management: leadership