Suppose that the pound is pegged to gold at 6 pounds per ounce, whereas the franc is pegged to gold at 12 francs per ounce. This, of course, implies that the equilibrium exchange rate should be two francs per pound. If the current market exchange rate is 2.2 francs per pound, how would you take advantage of this situation? What would be the effect of shipping costs?

Part (a) is relatively straight forward.there are 4 aces in a standard 52-card deck. so the probability that an ace is picked is just 4/52.part (b): note that there are 4 suits in a standard 52-card deck. so picking hearts will be 13/52 or 1/4.part (c): the probability condition or means we need to add the two probabilities because we do not want them simultaneously. so, we end up getting pr(ace) + pr(heart).from part (a), we found that picking an ace had a probability of 4/52, which is reduced down to 1/13.from part (b), we found that picking a heart had a probability of 1/4.so, the probability of an ace or a heart is 1/13 + 1/4 = 4/52 + 13/52 = 17/52.

Iwould start by thinking of two variables, first, d to lower the risk of the over all company.  then, after you would raise the deductibles. which is usually only after you have lowered the risk