The DeVille Company reported pretax accounting income on its income statement as follows: 2021 $ 380,000 2022 300,000 2023 370,000 2024 410,000 Included in the income of 2021 was an installment sale of property in the amount of $40,000. However, for tax purposes, DeVille reported the income in the year cash was collected. Cash collected on the installment sale was $16,000 in 2022, $20,000 in 2023, and $4,000 in 2024. Included in the 2023 income was $16,000 interest from investments in municipal governmental bonds. The enacted tax rate for 2021 and 2022 was 40%, but during 2022, new tax legislation was passed reducing the tax rate to 25% for the years 2023 and beyond.

Suppose that fixed costs for a firm in the automobile industry (start-up costs of factories, capital equipment, and so on) are $5 billion and that variable costs are equal to $17,000 per finished automobile. because more firms increase competition in the market, the market price falls as more firms enter an automobile market, or specifically, , where n represents the number of firms in a market. assume that the initial size of the u.s. and the european automobile markets are 300 million and 533 million people, respectively.a. calculate the equilibrium number of firms in the u.s. and european automobile markets without trade.b. what is the equilibrium price of automobiles in the united states and europe if the automobile industry is closed to foreign trade? c. now suppose that the united states decides on free trade in automobiles with europe. the trade agreement with the europeans adds 533 million consumers to the automobile market, in addition to the 300 million in the united states. how many automobile firms will there be in the united states and europe combined? what will be the new equilibrium price of automobiles? d. why are prices in the united states different in (c) and (b)? are consumers better off with free trade? in what ways?