Ross and Tony, father and son, opened a large boutique named Tradus in Chicago. Being the owners of the business concern, they decide about the important matters. All the rest of the decisions like product, finance, marketing, and personnel are carried out by the department heads, who have to act according to Ross's and Tony's instructions and orders. Which of the following is true about Tradus?

A. It has a very tall organizational structure.
B. The degree of formalization is very low in the organization.
C. It has a centralized system of decision making.
D. It has a narrow span of control.
E. It has a matrix organizational structure.

Ancho corp. is an automobile company whose core competency lies in manufacturing petrol- and diesel- based cars. the company realizes that more of its potential customers are switching to electric cars. the r& d department of the company acquires competencies in developing electric cars and launches its first hybrid car, which uses both gas and electricity. in this scenario, ancho is primarilya. leveraging new core competencies to improve current market position. b. redeploying existing core competencies to compete in future markets. c. unlearning existing core competencies to create and compete in markets of the future. d. building new core competencies to protect and extend current market position