In a 2010 report on the changing environment for policing, 1985-2008, david bayley and christine nixon list the issues of ­­ and "racial discrimination" as among the six challenges facing american policing.

The correct answer is: New immigrants, both legal and illegal.

Explanation:

The issue of racial profiling is only part of a larger pattern of racial disparities in the criminal justice system. A report by the police executive research forum places the issue of racial profiling in a broader context.

Hispanic communities, meanwhile, are often simultaneously over-police and underserved by the police. Many hispanics who are bona fide American citizens are stereotyped as illegall immigrants and subjectts to inappropriate traffic stops. At the same time, many hispanics are reluctant to call the police for routine problems, in part because of fear they will be subject to immigration law enforcement.

answer/// product differentiation;