The product-variety externality is associated with the A. consumer surplus that is generated from the introduction of a new product. B. loss of consumer surplus from exposure to additional advertising. C. producer surplus that accrues to incumbent firms in a monopolistically competitive industry. D. opportunity cost of firms exiting a monopolistically competitive industry.

According to ceo heidi ganahl, camp bow wow requires a strong and consistent corporate culture to keep all local franchise owners "on the same page" and to follow a common template for the business and brand. this culture could become detrimental over time because: (a) strong consistent cultures are inflexible and incapable of adapting to environmental change (b) strong consistent cultures are too flexible and capable of adapting to environmental change (c) strong consistent cultures don’t perform well in any environment (d) the passing of time provides stability and predictability for businesses