Often, governments are the providers of public goods in an economy. If the government wishes for its provision of public goods to be efficient, which of the following best describes how these goods should be provided? a. Governments should provide the quantity that taxpayers request. b. Private markets should supply these goods because government provision is inefficient. c. Governments should provide the quantity at which marginal cost equals marginal social benefit. d. Governments should provide the good until no one else wishes to consume it.

Needs to schedule the staffing of the center. it is open from 8am until midnight. larry has monitored the usage of the center at various times of the day and determined that the following number of computer consultants are required: time of dayminimum number of consultants required to be on duty8 am-noon4noon-4 pm84pm-8pm108pm-midnight6 two types of computer consultants can be hired: full-time and part-time. the full- time consultants work for eight consecutive hours in any of the shifts: morning (8am- 4pm), afternoon (noon-8pm) and evening (4pm-midnight). full-time consultants are paid $14 per hour. part-time consultants can be hired to work any of the four shifts listed in the table. part-time consultants are paid $12 per hour. an additional requirement is that during every time period, there must be at least two full-time consultants on duty for every part-time consultant on duty. larry would like to determine how many full-time and part-time consultants should work each shift to meet the above requirements at the minimum possible cost. formulate this as an lp problem. you must define your variables clearly

In each of the following, what happens to the unemployment rate? does the unemployment rate give an accurate impression of what’s happening in the labor market? a.esther lost her job and begins looking for a new one.b.sam, a steelworker who has been out of work since his mill closed last year, becomes discouraged and gives up looking for work.c.dan, the sole earner in his family of 5, just lost his $90,000 job as a research scientist. immediately, he takes a part-time job at starbucks until he can find another job in his field.

Reliability and validity reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. in the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways. unfortunately, being consistent in measurement does not necessarily mean that you have measured something correctly. to illustrate this concept, consider a kitchen scale that would be used to measure the weight of cereal that you eat in the morning. if the scale is not properly calibrated, it may consistently under- or overestimate the amount of cereal that’s being measured. while the scale is highly reliable in producing consistent results (e.g., the same amount of cereal poured onto the scale produces the same reading each time), those results are incorrect. this is where validity comes into play. validity refers to the extent to which a given instrument or tool accurately measures what it’s supposed to measure. while any valid measure is by necessity reliable, the reverse is not necessarily true. researchers strive to use instruments that are both highly reliable and valid.