Average fixed costs a. are defined as the change in total costs divided by the change in output. b. will always increase as output increases. c. will always decrease as output expands. d. will remain unchanged as output expands.

Which of the following pairs is most similar to each other? a. barter goods and fiat money b. digital money and barter goods c. fiat money and digital money d. commodity money and digital money

He set of companies a product goes through on the way to the consumer is called the a. economic utility b. cottage industry c. market saturation d. distribution chain

1. the political environment in india has proven to be critical to company performance for both pepsico and coca-cola india. what specific aspects of the political environment have played key roles? could these effects have been anticipated prior to market entry? if not, could developments in the political arena have been handled better by each company? 2. timing of entry into the indian market brought different results for pepsico and coca-cola india. what benefits or disadvantages accrued as a result of earlier or later market entry? 3. the indian market is enormous in terms of population and geography. how have the two companies responded to the sheer scale of operations in india in terms of product policies, promotional activities, pricing policies, and distribution arrangements? 4. “global localization” (glocalization) is a policy that both companies have implemented successfully. give examples for each company from the case.