The government builds a new water-treatment plant. The owner of the company that builds the plant pays her workers. The workers increase their spending. Firms from which the workers buy goods increase their output. This type of effect on spending illustratesa. the crowding-out effect. b. the wealth effect. c. the multiplier effect. d. the Fisher effect.

About time delivery co. incurred the following costs related to trucks and vans used in operating its delivery service: classify each of the costs as a capital expenditure or a revenue expenditure. 1. changed the oil and greased the joints of all the trucks and vans. 2. changed the radiator fluid on a truck that had been in service for the past four years. 3. installed a hydraulic lift to a van. 4. installed security systems on four of the newer trucks. 5. overhaul the engine on one of the trucks purchased three years ago. 6. rebuilt the transmission on one of the vans that had been driven 40,000 miles. the van was no longer under warranty. 7. removed a two-way radio from one of the trucks and installed a new radio with a greater range of communication. 8. repaired a flat tire on one of the vans. 9. replaced a truck's suspension system with a new suspension system that allows for the delivery of heavier loads. 10. tinted the back and side windows of one of the vans to discourage theft of contents.

You work as the sales manager for a company that sells office supplies to businesses of all sizes. because the profit margins are razor-thin, you need to ensure that you are getting the very best prices on paper, pencils, pens, post-it notes, and other office supplies from the manufacturers. when reviewing the quarterly profit statement, you realize that your costs are higher than they should be, and you trace the higher costs back to an employee who has been lax about getting competitive bids to ensure the lowest prices. when you conduct your research to determine the reason for the higher costs, and take action to bring those costs back down, in which of the key management processes are you taking part?

Rate of return douglas keel, a financial analyst for orange industries, wishes to estimate the rate of return for two similar-risk investments, x and y. douglas's research indicates that the immediate past returns will serve as reasonable estimates of future returns. a year earlier, investment x had a market value of $27 comma 000; and investment y had a market value of $46 comma 000. during the year, investment x generated cash flow of $2 comma 025 and investment y generated cash flow of $ 6 comma 770. the current market values of investments x and y are $28 comma 582 and $46 comma 000, respectively. a. calculate the expected rate of return on investments x and y using the most recent year's data. b. assuming that the two investments are equally risky, which one should douglas recommend? why?