Use the relationship between an initial change in spending and the final change in real GDP to answer these questions about the economies of Utopia and Paradise. The government of Utopia increases spending by $ 4.5 billion and the multiplier is 2 . Real GDP will by how many billion dollars

Saeed needs money to purchase tools, basic office supplies, parts to refurbish equipment, accounting software, and legal fees. believing saeed's business will be a success, an investor invests $5,000 to saeed open his business. in return, saeed agrees to repay the investor the $5,000 plus 17 percent of the profits of the business. calculate the return on investment for the investor if saeed's business makes $7,000 in profit as a total return of the business in its first year.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the definition of a fund? a fund is a fiscal entity which is designed to provide reporting that demonstrates conformance with finance-related legal and contractual provisions separately from gaap reporting. a fund exists to assist in carrying on activities and attaining objectives where there are no specific rules or restrictions. a fund is an accounting entity which is designed to enable reporting in conformity with gaap without being restricted by legal or contractual provisions. a fund is a mechanism developed to provide accounting for revenues and expenditures that are subject to certain restrictions separate from revenues and expenditures that are not subject to restrictions.

Reliability and validity reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. in the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways. unfortunately, being consistent in measurement does not necessarily mean that you have measured something correctly. to illustrate this concept, consider a kitchen scale that would be used to measure the weight of cereal that you eat in the morning. if the scale is not properly calibrated, it may consistently under- or overestimate the amount of cereal that’s being measured. while the scale is highly reliable in producing consistent results (e.g., the same amount of cereal poured onto the scale produces the same reading each time), those results are incorrect. this is where validity comes into play. validity refers to the extent to which a given instrument or tool accurately measures what it’s supposed to measure. while any valid measure is by necessity reliable, the reverse is not necessarily true. researchers strive to use instruments that are both highly reliable and valid.