Assume the following data for Oshkosh Company before its year-end adjustments: Unadjusted Balances Debit Credit Sales $51,600,000 Cost of Merchandise Sold $31,750,000 Estimated Returns Inventory 28,100 Customer Refunds Payable 115,400 Estimated cost of merchandise that will be returned in the next year $400,000 Estimated percent of refunds for current year sales 1.2% Journalize the adjusting entries for the following: (a) Estimated customer refunds and allowances\.\* (b) Estimated customer returns\.\* Refer to the Chart of Accounts for exact wording of account titles\.\*

Suppose that fixed costs for a firm in the automobile industry (start-up costs of factories, capital equipment, and so on) are $5 billion and that variable costs are equal to $17,000 per finished automobile. because more firms increase competition in the market, the market price falls as more firms enter an automobile market, or specifically, , where n represents the number of firms in a market. assume that the initial size of the u.s. and the european automobile markets are 300 million and 533 million people, respectively.a. calculate the equilibrium number of firms in the u.s. and european automobile markets without trade.b. what is the equilibrium price of automobiles in the united states and europe if the automobile industry is closed to foreign trade? c. now suppose that the united states decides on free trade in automobiles with europe. the trade agreement with the europeans adds 533 million consumers to the automobile market, in addition to the 300 million in the united states. how many automobile firms will there be in the united states and europe combined? what will be the new equilibrium price of automobiles? d. why are prices in the united states different in (c) and (b)? are consumers better off with free trade? in what ways?