Johanna Springer, who works as a sales executive at Pascal's Bank, is upset at the way her manager, Emma Womack, always calls her in for one-on-one meetings to discuss her underperformance. Though Springer makes a higher number of sales calls and works longer hours than last year, her sales figures are still low. She knows that the main reason behind her underperformance is the recent economic meltdown in the country. However, her manager feels that Springer's underperformance is the result of her laid-back attitude and has nothing to do with external factors. In this situation, Womack's behavior is characterized by a(n) .

A. anchoring bias
B. contrast effect
C. fundamental attribution error
D. self-fulfilling prophecy
E. Pygmalion effect

The correct answer is letter "C": fundamental attribution error.

Explanation:

The fundamental attribution error is a judgment individuals make about others in which they focus more on the others' inner characteristics than external situations at the moment of qualifying their behavior. The judgment is biased in such a case since it does not consider all the possible variables that can affect people's actions.  

This judgment values more the type of person an individual could be rather than the environmental events that can influence on that individual.

a. $48.75

is the answer to your question

the answer would be voluntary exchange -

"the act of buyers and sellers freely and willingly engaging in market transactions. moreover, transactions are made in such a way that both the buyer and the seller are better off after the exchange than before it occurred."

hope this : )

-shy