Switching costs, in the context of technology industries, refer to the costs that: a. industries have to incur in order to adhere to technical standards. b. customers need to bear to abandon an established standard and adopt a new standard. c. companies have to incur to switch from one business model to another. d. companies need to bear to create product differentiation when they are locked inside an industry. e. industries need to bear in order to abandon old technology and get license for a new technology.

1. list five staple convenience goods that you or your household buys on a regular basis. (you do not need to use complete sentences. 2.5 points) 2. list three impulse convenience goods that you or someone you know has purchased. (you do not need to use complete sentences. 2.5 points) 3. describe a shopping good that you or someone you know purchased. what kind of research did you or that person do before buying the product? (1-5 sentences. 3.0 points) 4. choose an example of a company you could start, and decide which business structure would make the most sense for that type of company (sole proprietorship, partnership, llc, c corporation, s corporation, or nonprofit corporation). explain why this structure would be good for this type of company. give at least 3 reasons. (3-6 sentences. 6.0 points) 5. if you were starting a new business, describe at least three departments to the company that you would need right away. why are these departments so important? (1-5 sentences. 3.0 points) 6. describe a product that you think has saturated its market. what makes you think it has saturated its market? (1-5 sentences. 3.0 points)

Xinhong company is considering replacing one of its manufacturing machines. the machine has a book value of $39,000 and a remaining useful life of 5 years, at which time its salvage value will be zero. it has a current market value of $49,000. variable manufacturing costs are $33,300 per year for this machine. information on two alternative replacement machines follows. alternative a alternative b cost $ 115,000 $ 117,000 variable manufacturing costs per year 22,900 10,100 1. calculate the total change in net income if alternative a and b is adopted. 2. should xinhong keep or replace its manufacturing machine

S. you are changing planes in london for a flight to paris where you will connect with your flight to capetown. you are picking up reading material for the flight and are looking at the prices listed on the economist magazine which conveniently lists prices in several different global currencies. you note that the price in pounds is 2.40 pounds and the price in euros is 2 euros. the exchange rate for the dollar (your credit card was issued in the usa) is $1.59/pound and s1.3837/euro. should you buy reading materials now or wait until you're in paris?